Yet, after only a few months of Bourbon rule, that consensus evaporated. And, if only tactically, he endorsed the sovereignty of the French people and linked his cause to a liberal but not radical reading of the original principles of the French Revolution. He managing to bring to his side many liberals, such as Benjamin Constant, who had previously opposed him.
So this time round he came not on his own terms, but on those of the people and in their name. He was embraced for redeeming their standing as a glorious, modern and reforming nation. Support for him hemorrhaged whenever he seemed to assume imperial standing.
But his ability to sweep back into France and into the hearts of the French military, who deserted Louis en masse to serve their old commander, is impossible to account for without accepting that he appeared to speak for the French people in a way Louis XVIII could not. But it encapsulates, in dramatic terms, the debate over who determines state legitimacy: popular support or the autocratic decisions of the Congress of Vienna and the Courts of Europe.
The heroic version of Napoleon could be seen in Britain in the years following Waterloo and his death on St Helena six years later. The five century rule of the Etruscans can be seen today in the various necropolis, or what remains of the ovens, or the numerous "hillside villages" standing out from breathtaking surroundings.
As the Etruscan rule came to an end, the Romans not only inherited their iron and steel industry but also improved the granite deposits and discovered the mud baths in the Terme San Giovanni, not to mention the beautiful landscapes and excellent wines. To quote Plinio il Vecchio "The Island of Good Wine", and this explains the many ships carrying amphoras full of wine, many of which can be admired in the Archaeology Museums in Portoferraio and Marciana.
These, along with amazing findings the sea has brought in, telling us the story of ancient sailings. The magnificent patrician villas in La Linguella, Le Grotte and Capo Castello were built in some of the island's most beautiful gulfs, and even today are places of absolute bliss. During the Middle Ages it was the turn of the Maritime Republic of Pisa's to exploit the iron mines and granite deposits in Elba : indeed most of the columns in Piazza dei Miracoli were made from skilled stone-cutters from San Piero.
There is much proof of the Pisan presence too: the elegant Romanesque churches and the tower of San Giovanni in Campo, built on a giant granite rock, but above all the majestic "Fortress" in Marciana and the Volterraio castle, standing on guard to protect the mountains and the sea.
The Medici arrived in Cosimo I built the fortified town of Portoferraio , considered a military gem. The harmony between sea, land and architecture was so perfect that the new town was given the name of Cosmopoli , "heart of civilization and culture, a perfect example of balance and rationality". Immediately afterwards the Spanish settled in Porto Azzurro and built not only the majestic Forte San Giacomo, today a prison, but also various chapels, as well as the suggestive Santuario of Monserrato, set on a high "dolomitic" mountain.
In the XVIII century, the Austrians, the Germans, the English and the French fought to rule over Elba, going from frenetic diplomatic discussions to fierce battles, until it was given to Napoleon Bonaparte as "sole owner and leader". In only ten months of ruling he left very significant signs: he built roads, reorganized the mining economy, increased the wine production and exportation.
He made a nice theatre out of an ancient, deconsecrated church; the building has since been restored to perfection and today important cultural meetings are often held there.
When he returned to France for his famous hundred days, he left two residences that are now National Museums visited by thousands of people every year. But there is more magic yet to come. Elba is the Macchiaiolo painters' paradise; both national and international artists get together in discreet meeting places, and open their mind and their heart to memories.
Ensure your holidays with ElbaOK : the first insurance policy against any unexpected outcomes caused by the Coronavirus emergency, and much more. He abdicated for a second time and was exiled to the remote island of Saint Helena, in the southern Atlantic Ocean, where he lived out the rest of his days. He died at age 52 on May 5, , possibly from stomach cancer, although some theories contend he was poisoned.
But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! For the first time in over 50 years, the presidents of the United States and Cuba meet on April 11, Two days later, Kampala fell and a coalition government of former exiles took power.
Amin, chief of the Ugandan army On April 11, , Apollo 13, the third lunar landing mission, is successfully launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, carrying astronauts James A. Lovell, John L. Swigert and Fred W.
Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. Talleyrand was no fool. As the foreign minister to French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte, he was one of Who knows how many other young men arrived in New York City in the winter of looking like James Dean and talking like Jack Kerouac?
It would have been difficult to pick Bob Dylan out of the crowd at first, considering how much he had in common with the other Bohemian kids
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