I dissolves easily in water or alcohol. I readily combines with other elements and does not stay in its pure form once released into the environment. I is produced commercially for medical and industrial uses through nuclear fission. It also is a byproduct of nuclear fission processes in nuclear reactors and weapons testing. In medicine, I is supplied in capsules or liquid of a specific activity designed to be swallowed by patients.
As a product of nuclear fission, it is a dark purple gas that can be inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. I in fallout from nuclear weapons or reactor accidents can occur in particle form, which can be ingested in food or water. Pure I is a non-metallic, purplish-black crystalline solid. However, because it readily binds with other elements, I usually is found as a compound rather than in its pure form. For medical purposes, the I capsules contain small granules of I sodium iodide that are designed to be swallowed by patients.
In any case, the high radioactivity of iodine is somewhat offset by its high decay rate, with the level of activity dropping by a factor of every eighty days. There are also procedures for us to protect ourselves from it before it decays. Other radioactive isotopes of iodine have very short lifetimes such as iodine and iodine whose periods are These isotopes deliver almost their radiatioactivity in the early days after a reactor is shutdown.
EN FR. Iodine Radioactive iodine : A dangerous and short lived fission product Iodine is a radioisotope with a very short half-life of 8.
Ingested Iodine is dangerous because it primarily affects the thyroid gland that plays a fundamental role in childhood development. Radioactive iodine toxicity varies greatly with age, with toddlers, young children and adolescents being far more sensitive than adults. Spinachs contaminated by iodine Spinach grown in north-eastern Japan were contaminated by radioactivity of the Fukushima accident in March Discuss your risks and benefits of RAI therapy with your doctor.
Radioactive iodine therapy cannot be used to treat anaplastic undifferentiated and medullary thyroid carcinomas because these types of cancer do not take up iodine. For RAI therapy to be most effective, you must have a high level of thyroid-stimulating hormone TSH or thyrotropin in the blood.
This hormone is what makes thyroid tissue and cancer cells take up radioactive iodine. Most doctors also recommend that you follow a low iodine diet for 1 or 2 weeks before treatment. This means avoiding foods that contain iodized salt and red dye 3, as well as dairy products, eggs, seafood, and soy.
Discuss any recent illnesses, medical conditions, allergies, and medications you're taking. This procedure requires little to no special preparation.
However, you should not eat or drink anything after midnight on the day of treatment. Radioactive Iodine I also called Radioiodine I therapy is a nuclear medicine treatment. Hyperthyroidism can be caused by Graves' disease, in which the entire thyroid gland is overactive, or by nodules within the gland which are locally overactive in producing too much thyroid hormone. Nuclear medicine uses small amounts of radioactive material called radiotracers. Doctors use nuclear medicine to diagnose, evaluate, and treat various diseases.
These include cancer, heart disease, gastrointestinal, endocrine, or neurological disorders, and other conditions. Nuclear medicine exams pinpoint molecular activity. This gives them the potential to find disease in its earliest stages. They can also show whether you are responding to treatment. The thyroid is a gland in the neck that produces two hormones. These hormones regulate all aspects of the body's metabolism , the chemical process of converting food into energy.
When a thyroid gland is overactive, it produces too much of these hormones, accelerating the metabolism. Radioactive iodine I , an isotope of iodine that emits radiation, is used for medical purposes. When a small dose of I is swallowed, it is absorbed into the bloodstream in the gastrointestinal GI tract. It is concentrated from the blood by the thyroid gland, where it begins destroying the gland's cells.
A radiologist who has specialized training in nuclear medicine and others, possibly including an endocrinologist, thyroid surgeon, and radiation safety officer, will be part of your treatment team.
There is no equipment used during radioactive iodine therapy, the patient simply swallows a prepared dose. You should not eat or drink after midnight on the day of the procedure.
If you have been taking anti-thyroid medications, you must stop at least three days before the therapy is given. Frequently, your doctor will recommend stopping anti-thyroid medication for five to seven days before therapy. You will be able to return home following radioactive iodine treatment.
However, you should avoid prolonged, close contact with other people for several days, particularly pregnant women and small children. Most of the radioactive iodine that has not been absorbed leaves the body during the first two days following the treatment, primarily through the urine. Small amounts will also be excreted in saliva, sweat, tears, vaginal secretions, and feces.
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