The overall design was that of a Greek cross with a very impressive portico of Corinthian columns and was to be a vast building that would be metres long by 84 metres wide and an incredible 83 metres high.
But the actual Pantheon has a combination of different styles like Greek architecture and also a Gothic system that utilised flying buttresses and arches to make it as light as possible and there were 45 clerestory windows to flood the building with light, although these were blocked up during the French Revolution.
Jacques Soufflot also drew up plans for a monumental square and a law school was built opposite the church between and , which was then followed by a school of theology.
However, even though the first foundations were laid in , unfortunately, due to financial difficulties, Jacques Soufflot died before this impressive basilica was completed and so, his architect pupil and associate Jean-Baptiste Rondelet completed it in at the start of the French Revolution.
But then in , the basilica was turned into a National Pantheon, as the Constituent Assembly wanted a fitting resting place for the nations great men, people such as Honore Gabriel Riqueti Comte de Mirabeau, who was the President of the Constituent Assembly. In during the French Revolution, Francois-Marie Arouet de Voltaire, who was a philosopher and enlightenment writer, was also buried in the Pantheon and then in Jean-Jacques Rousseau , who was a writer and composer of operas, along with Jean-Paul Marat, who was a writer, political theorist and journalist, were also buried in the Pantheon.
In fact, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who was known as the father of equality, is laid to rest opposite his sworn enemy, Voltaire, but these two men were both named as emblems of the Enlightenment, which was a term used for philosophers who favoured reason and science. But when you look at the history of Paris , it is quite surprising how many things changed with political influences of the time and when the political thoughts changed, the ashes of Mirabeau and Marat were removed.
Yet the history of the Pantheon still continues, and it became home of Christian worship once again, even though people were still interred here, but by the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte I, it changed back to being a Pantheon again, rather than a place of worship. Here the visitors can visit the mass every Sunday at am and on Saturday at 5 pm. Tips for visiting Pantheon Paris. Cultural History.
Pantheon Paris: Facts, History and Tips Traditional Culture. Historic Landmarks. Landmark Buildings. Religious Institutions. Contents A. Pantheon Paris opening hours and days. Time needed to view the entire structure. School groups and extra-curricular tours.
Beautiful Architecture, Aesthetic and the Church. Open every day of the week From April 1 to September 30 — 10 am to 6. Ticket price. Access and transportation. Bus lines available on this route are 21, 27, 38, 82, 84, 85, and Tours in Pantheon. Self-guided tours: Self-guided tours require a maximum of one hour, and a visitor's guide is there to help the visitors.
No booking is required for self-guided tours. Guided tours: It is of 45 minutes duration and is subject to availability. These are available every day in the afternoon and cover a comprehensive tour on the Pantheon Paris and its history. For these guided tours also there is no requirement of pre-booking. Tour-lectures: These lectures are available in French, English, and Spanish and need at least one and a half hours to cover all the details.
The different tour lectures are: "Aux grands hommes, la Patrie reconnaissante" "To the great men, the grateful homeland" : alternate Wednesday at 2. Audio tours. History of Pantheon Paris. Beautiful Architecture, A esthetic and the Church. Art Naves. The Crypt. Attend Mass. Locations Featured in This Article. Paris France Attractions. Climbing the 6 Most Famous Towers in Paris. Explore More. Family Vacation. George Town. What's the most popular attractions in Paris? Any dishes can't you miss in Paris ?
How to get to Venice from Paris? Chavannes began painting the place in , and can be said to have been the greatest fresco painter of the 19th century. The dome of the Pantheon is undoubtedly one of its strong points. Entirely surrounded by windows, it has a fresco by Antoine-Jean Gros in its centre and can be climbed in summer.
Climbing up the dome requires a little effort, as some steps have to be climbed. But the view pays off! From there you can see the magnificent Luxembourg Gardens, with the Eiffel Tower just behind, the Invalides and also the Notre-Dame Cathedral on the right. Unfortunately, it is only possible to climb this dome during the summer. Climbing takes place every half hour with groups of up to 50 people and visits last 40 minutes.
The great advantage is that it is rare to have to queue to enter the Pantheon or even to climb the dome. The function of the device is to prove the rotational movement of the planet Earth. On January 3, , the French physicist Jean Bernard Foucault carried out the same experiment at home, using a two-metre long pendulum that allowed him to swing close to the ground. Four weeks later, he performed another test at the Paris Observatory, now with a twelve-meter long pendulum.
The pendulum hangs vertically and when it is moved, the stiletto that is attached to the sphere makes a mark on the thin layer of sand that is deposited on the ground. And with each passage of the sphere, the mark on the sand gradually increases. With this simple and direct demonstration, we can prove the movement of the earth. The exposed metal sphere measures 20 centimetres and weighs 28 kilograms. Bathed in carat gold, it is suspended by a metre long vertical wire running out of the middle of the dome.
When you get underground, you enter a round chamber from which a system of corridors with countless chapels starts, where the historical personalities are located. Walking through the corridors, it is easy to recognize the famous and important names.
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